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Clostridium Difficile (C difficile) is a species belonging to the genus Clostridium known as one of the causative agents of food intoxication.
C. Difficile is a Null of bacteria that always stays in the colon (indigenous bacteria) which usually does not produce toxins. However, since this strain is a bacterium to which many kinds of antibiotics are not effective (resistant strain), when other intestinal bacteria are killed off by application of antibiotics, only this strain survives, proliferates abnormally (microbial substitution), and begins to produce toxins. These toxins (enterotoxin and cytotoxin) produced cause disorders to the mucous membranes of the intestinal tracts where in mild cases, patients have loose stool; and in the serious cases, these trigger pseudo-membranous colitis (PMC) that causes patients to suffer from severe diarrhea, stomach ache and high fever.
With the development and common use of various kinds of antibiotics since the second half of the twentieth century, the number of patients suffering from antibiotics-related diarrhea is also increasing. Diarrhea by C. difficile has continued to be acquired nosocomially in patients and health care personnel to the present day. Nowadays, people are concerned about the increasing number of people infected after the use of antibiotics prescribed in general as well.
In order to treat this disease, stopping intake of antibiotics for a while and taking vancomycin or metronidazole are commonly known. Meanwhile another treatment option is also reported that C difficile diarrhea was suppressed by the probiotic effect of lactic acid bacteria (Reference: Am J Gastroenterol 2000 Jan;95 (l Suppl):S11-3).
The most important ways of prevention can be described as not to break the balance of intestinal flora with overuse of antibiotics for non-specific problems and to keep the intestinal flora in a favorable state.
Conducted at Research Center, NCIMB Japan Co., Ltd. Report received January 13, 2005.
To investigate the antimicrobial activity of Probiotics OMX (contents of the capsule) against Clostridium difficile or C difficile(JCM1296).
After Clostridium difficile (JCM1296) was cultured in GAM bouillon (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo) for 18 hours, culture solution with the bacterial number approximately 9 x 100 8 /milliliter (mL) was gained. The culture condition was at 370C in an anaerobic culture.
One hundred microliters of the above cultured solution of Clostridium Difficile or C difficile was added to 10mL of GAM culture medium with 0.7% agar (approximately 9 x 100 6/mL as the final bacterial concentration). Then it was poured to a petri dish to make a soft agar plate. After the agar solidified, a well of 9mm in diameter was produced in the center of the plate to use this plate as a test medium.
The contents of Probiotics OMX capsule was diluted with sterilized distilled water in the ratio of 8 to 2 to make the test solution.